The publication examines how policy shapes the transition toward a resilient bio-based economy, highlighting the critical interplay between innovation and regulatory frameworks. Drawing on global examples from health, energy and chemicals, and food systems, it showcases how timely and supportive policies have accelerated biotechnology’s ability to address societal and environmental challenges. The paper outlines both the opportunities and the gaps in current policy landscapes, emphasizing the need for strategic interventions to fully unlock the potential of bio-innovation for human and planetary well-being.